What are the three methods for controlling exsanguination?

The correct answer highlights three primary methods for controlling exsanguination, which is critical in managing severe bleeding. Direct pressure with hand allows for an immediate and effective way to stem blood flow from a wound, as it compresses blood vessels and reduces hemorrhage.

Hemostatic gauze is specifically designed to enhance clotting and help manage severe bleeding, particularly in cases where direct pressure alone may not be sufficient. It often contains materials that aid in the clotting process when applied to a wound. Tourniquet application is the third method, which is crucial in situations where a limb is severely injured and bleeding cannot be controlled through direct pressure alone. When applied correctly, a tourniquet can completely occlude blood flow to the affected area, preventing further blood loss.

These methods prioritize both immediate control of bleeding and the potential need for advanced care, which is why they are favored in emergency medical protocols. The combination of these three methods addresses various scenarios and types of bleeding injuries effectively, enhancing patient outcomes.