If EMS personnel encounter a minor, what should they assess first?

Assessing whether the minor is emancipated or can consent to treatment is crucial as it directly impacts the legal and ethical considerations of the emergency care provided. In many jurisdictions, minors may need a legal guardian or parent to consent to medical treatment. However, in certain situations, minors may be considered emancipated or capable of making their own medical decisions, particularly if they are of a certain age or have demonstrated maturity and understanding of their medical situation. Understanding the minor's ability to consent ensures that the care team respects legal boundaries and provides appropriate interventions without unnecessary delay.

Addressing familial presence or guardianship without first understanding consent can lead to complications if the minor is capable of consenting to treatment on their own. Immediate transport considerations and such assessments take priority after confirming the minor's ability to make decisions regarding their healthcare, as this knowledge shapes the approach EMS personnel will take in providing care. It establishes a framework for intervention that respects the minor's rights while ensuring their health needs are met.